Error technology transfer No. 3 / "Errors of the offshore" + UPDATE
assisting in the withdrawal of developments and businesses to the foreign markets, have to constantly watch the same mistakes, and as a consequence — the failures and the losses.
Loss especially insulting, given that these errors repeatedly described and analyzed in scores of open and publicly available sources.
Not in the least claim to originality and exclusiveness, try to collect in this series of posts a dozen of the most common, obvious and relatively easy to necessary errors, elimination of which greatly increases the chances of success.
For convenience, descriptions of errors will understand on increase them complexity.
========================================
"Error offshore"
INTRODUCTION
For a proper understanding of the topic necessary to make a small introduction.
The fact that in Russia under "offshore" often know the poor island natives who for two dollars naked pictures with visiting tourists, and for glass beads, the juice of the agave put print on palm leaves.
This view was formed due to the fact that in many offshore areas fees for registration and annual validation, the size is less than the cost of a tourist trip in the same place and the registration is not onerous allegedly allegedly requires no materials and documents, and allegedly has no consequences.
However, the real situation is not irrelevant.
Offshore it is one of the main tools of the global financial system, and such zones in the world — much less than countries which possess nuclear weapons.
(in fact it is one, but that is a separate conversation)
The fact that within Western democracies public all public authorities and institutions are constantly under the sword of Damocles of possible lawsuits, a parliamentary inquiry and other such troubles.
But for effective operation it is often necessary tools to formally state in no way associated, he was not accountable, are not controlled by anyone.
In addition to organs of state, there are other and often far larger and more influential members of the global financial system has substantial capital, which, moreover, whose dependence on a state — contingent.
Is a multinational company, non-public banking enterprises, the sovereign and his Royal house and other "oligarchs".
All of them need tools beyond traditional public and even international control.
That's "home" such, neither of whom is formally independent and no longer controlled by the forces and instruments created by the international offshore zones.
These areas are major "hubs" the world markets of currency, gold, oil, the state Treasury obligations, credit default swaps, secondary mortgages and pools of reinsurance, large blocks of shares of largest companies in the world, Maritime trade and passenger fleets, etc., etc.
The total turnover of Caribbean and virgin offshore — much more than the GDP of the United States, Europe and China put together.
Only one dollar turnover of derivatives, most of which goes through offshore, stalling more than a quadrillion dollars ($1.000.000.000.000.000).
No natives, natives glass beads and there is no.
Moreover, to prevent encroachments of the real natives and the natives in their desire to make a "same" — a specially created international group against money laundering (FATF), which quickly and painfully heals any attempt to even look in that direction.
In a crisis, the shareholders — rarely there are various discussions, and then there are events like the abolition of anonymous accounts in Switzerland, the collective refusal of billionaires from the U.S. citizenship, or moving the largest European Bank in Hong Kong.
However, due to a number of reasons, the procedure of entry and incorporation in these areas are made open for all, even the very microscopic third-party businesses.
Why would shareholders in quadrillion rpm to let unauthorized users and collect their ridiculous $500 registration fee — a long conversation, for this presentation it is enough to know that ease of entry is deceiving and conceals a serious danger, however, with careful and proper operation, even a small Russian IT companies — it can pinch off a little from this celebration of life.
It is only necessary to take a sober and clear understanding of the basic principles and not to make obvious mistakes.
Mistake # 1
The most frequent mistake of Russian technological entrepreneurs beginners to use offshore... the use of offshore companies.
For external users, the offshore, is a complex, well-developed and as a consequence — not very cheap (when used correctly) tool of tax SCHEDULING and tax ADMINISTRATION.
Therefore, the need, relevance and practicability of its application requires two components:
1. Taxes or already paid, or expected them to pay.
2. Taxes paid, or will pay a LOT
If not pay taxes it is supposed, a tool for planning and administration of such payment at least is not needed.
If it is supposed to pay taxes, but these taxes will not be very much, the cost of using sophisticated and advanced tool will significantly exceed the savings from using it receive.
The specificity of this error is that slips in a deal offshore — can be seen for kilometers, and the other side of the deal immediately raises a fair question why the offshore needed there.
In all developed countries questions of taxes and laundering of criminal assets is a very serious and sensitive, and any unusual or absurdity greatly complicates the transaction.
When a small developer from Russia sells for $10K utility to the buyer from the US, where the address often starts immediately with the two-letter code of the state, and the buyer will see in the contract "Cyprus" and the account in Pareks-Bank, he at once there is a fair question what is the Cyprus, and who's Parex Bank.
If the transaction is three-dimensional, multi-step and requires the development structuring and tax optimization, the parties can calmly and collectively reflect on its implementation and without any offshore scheme to choose the most optimal for all participants.
Shoving a purchased on the occasion of offshore companies in all deals — shows first of all disrespect to other parties to the transactions, and the second is the lack of understanding of the meaning of the offshore.
Mistake # 2
The second error in relation to the first is a mirror, and is not using the offshore accounts where it is possible and more — you need.
If sold by online toy for $2, and most of the buyers make payments from their accounts in online payment systems, to substitute in its net transaction details and the real data of the sense — has not.
Moreover, if a sale is not quite clear, for example, from the point of view of copyright, warranties, restrictions, prohibitions, or subsequent taxes.
In this case — is justified and even advisable to substitute for the transaction to an anonymous empty trash created or purchased offshore.
Mistake number 3
This error is the reverse of error No. 2.
All offshore jurisdictions have with all the major countries of the agreement on the exchange of information.
All payment transactions all payment systems, as well as most electronic messages and of course are documented and stored indefinitely.
In recent years, all of the previously disparate databases disparate documents together in a single system end-to-end accounting, and if the sale online toys for $2 was specified e-mail address, which two years later was listed as the address for the tech support utility, which is distributed from a specific IP address, which two years later was the reference used for the online payment system Bank-client, with the confirmation code IMEI, which ......, all these data will be kept connected together, and to them are added all the remaining data, including the profiles of social networks, SMS, full name, etc.
The cost of this mistake the old Soviet rule "Job — get workspace".
The benefit cost simple phones, new sim cards, wifi adapters, subscription boxes, etc. in comparison with the possible hassles — just fun.
No fingerprints when you use offshore should not stay.
Mistake # 4
This error is the continuation of error No. 3, loop the short number of errors and approaches to error No. 1 on the other hand, and on a higher level.
Anonymous work around a bug # 3 this business in short.
The entrepreneur does not pay any taxes and fees, but first, he's taking a risk.
When you purchase "ready" offshore, or offshore from personally unknown to him, the nominal operators-secretaries, and especially the Directors and shareholders of the offshore company with bearer shares, the whole business could disappear in an instant so to drain cash needed for the limit is $1K, which is not always convenient.
It is not in the malice of the Caribbean or virgin islanders, and that at the slightest suspicion, or even just a irritation, they can simply seize funds in the accounts, and kindly ask you to send a comprehensive confirmation of the legality of the funds and operations that in the case of anonymous ownership or fashionable in Russia the purchase of offshore "key" will mean the loss of all funds.
Moreover, despite the ostentatious "anonymity" in respect of all offshore jurisdictions offer "rule long arms" which the government of any country can accept any activity as organised specifically to reduce taxes and to recalculate the taxes as they see fit.
In addition, as mentioned in the introduction, the offshore made exclusively for the maintenance of a large and often anonymous transactions in the global financial, foreign exchange, derivatives, oil, gold, etc. markets.
If a visitor to the island visitor peaceful establishes of banking, investment, insurance, holding, Finance, shipping or aviation businesses, the more businesses are legal, it — assist, as all these businesses bring to the Islands, though small, guaranteed calm and most importantly profits.
However, when the socks dealers from the Cherkizovsky market are starting to abuse the kindness of the owners, and stolen credit cards to drive thousands of payments at $5, the patience of the islanders can come to an end, and they can "lights out" without notice and comment.
It was not a joke, but a harsh reality.
So firstly that's a risk.
And secondly, not paying any taxes, the entrepreneur often deprives itself is quite interesting possibilities.
As mentioned in the error No. 1, offshore is the development tool of tax scheduling and tax administration.
However, very often, a detailed planning of expenditure and profits turns out that clean and legal pay quite burdensome (especially during the initial period of business) payments allows you to "much more valuable fur" than saving a penny (especially in the first year) taxes.
This will allow closer to potential buyers as close as possible, opening an office in their state and city and the account in their Bank, that can greatly contribute to the findings of the first, most important transactions.
All legal payments may include the cost of doing business that will allow then to obtain the many credits and deductions.
In the case may go telephone bills, receipts from pizza, bills for hotels, tickets, contracts, letters, faxes, receipts DHL, FE, gift pens, lighters, etc., in the case of offshore would be impossible.
Legally incorporates, the company immediately receives the status of a local, and as a consequence access to all municipal and Federal tenders and orders; and all support programs, of which there are many.
The company immediately acquires the ability of real estate transactions that for offshore or impossible, or most difficult.
Naturally, with all the credits, tenders, Ventura and major transactions will be carried out due diligence, and all the dirty linen described earlier in "Mistake # 3" — will emerge and come out.
But if clean and tidy workplace will be strictly adhered to, problems should arise.
In addition to material profits, legal incorporation of bears and other opportunities.
Let very small, but working in a company immediately gets the opportunity of visa support, which otherwise will cost much more, and a year after beginning work, the owner of even a tiny business can initiate the permanent place of residence.
The staff may be decorated in a hundred different ways, optimal for each specific situation.
You can even try to obtain SSN (Social Security Number), and virtually free to acquire health insurance and pension, much more real than from the local Fursenko.
The range of possibilities is infinitely wide.
A foreign company can be "single" (by itself) can be a child from Russia, may be the parent of the Russian, may be the representation of Russian or Russian — foreign representative office in Russia (is not a legal entity, does not pay income tax and property tax).
They can conduct joint activities with division profit and loss, etc.
For IT-business, in which the dependence on the material equipment and real estate is minimal, any structuring and business administration can be done completely legally.
Strictly speaking, practically all known Russian IT company, for such schemes, and work.
And if this structuring and administering appropriate use of elements of certain offshore regimes, these elements — and can and should be used.
Offshore, it is a tool of tax planning and tax administration.
If this tool be used for its intended purpose, it works perfectly.
===============================================
Earlier:
— "Error individualization"
— "Error disclosure"
Next:
— "Error of authorship"
— "Error IP protection"
— "Error budget money"
— "Errors of double technologies"
— " Errors toxic" investments"
— "Error license"
— "positioning Errors"
=========================================
UPDATE
Quite unexpectedly, the topic of offshore (in our opinion for start-up companies is not that important) caused an increased interest and a large number of questions.
Of them understood the main message of the material was not as explicit and clear as it was originally intended to be.
Let's try that a little to clarify and explain.
The rejection of the population and entrepreneurs of the Russian Federation from inadequate local authorities and from the exercise of these authorities, their functions of government to collect taxes and the distribution of collected leads to mass leaving in a shade, cash and offshore (understandably and rightly), but beyond that — to the transfer of such relationships to a completely different, nothing is innocent countries and territories that are already wrong and unreasonable.
All recognized-normal taxes and fees is not necessary "tribute" the armed robbers, and Bazaar-market fees.
With honest payment and the requirement for a paid.
And when a businessman from the Russian Federation chooses for their business jurisdiction on the criterion of "cheaper" he at best gets exactly what they paid for.
In the real world, "slack" no, it can not be.
Product warranty — is more expensive than the product without warranty, the goods are large and well-known brand is more expensive than a similar product "Noam", the goods in a major shopping center — is more expensive than the exact same (?) the goods from hands in the dark subway.
The core business is trust towards the partner.
The less trust, the worse the deal.
But for the confidence in the partners they need to talk in a language they understand, and use observantia signs and symbols.
The emergence of offshore ordinary business it — flashing light.
It is a well-visible sign "note".
Sign by itself is neither good nor bad, it is just a sign.
The tragedy of many businessmen from Russia entering the global market is that they put it on, but they it do not see, and behave as if it is not.
This causes surprise and confusion.
This is the main error.
The mere use of offshore — not bad and not good, it's just a tool, but what he hands, skilled or curves this is another question.
If a website anonymous hosting, $2 sold broken software, which is legally worth $2.000, flashing beacon means "all claims — shove myself in there...".
This sign everybody can see and understand.
But it's not offshore, it's the usual trash, or even trash in General — just an impersonal account on WebMoney or papule.
In this case, there can be no checks, cards, phone numbers or fixed IP.
About the "value" offshore.
Registration fee and annual fee are those things that don't need to worry never, under any circumstances.
It's all the same what to choose a clinic by an even or odd number of steps has its entrance.
99.9% of real costs for offshore it — expenditures on local staff + rent.
There are only two digits, — total cost of ownership of the company, and the aggregate benefits from the management through the company specific business with specific partners.
As the network one, miracles do not happen, what are the fees, like service.
About the size of "taxes".
Any value he has.
If abstract Singapore 5%, and no less abstract Hong Kong 15%, it does not mean anything.
If 5 was definitely less than 15, all from Hong Kong for a month and moved to Singapore, and the issue would be closed.
However, if these numbers are the last five years at least, and no one even moved, so it is not in them.
AvtoVAZ — is many times cheaper than the Mercedes, well, they are different, so different and worth it.
There are only two digits, — total cost of ownership of the company, and the aggregate benefits from the management through the company specific business with specific partners.
Everything else — wiring traders offshore (which by the way by the zones have nothing to do).
Now, back to the original post.
He is part of the series "transfer Error" and for that reason considers all the phenomena (in this case offshore) in the context of the positive/negative effect on this transfer.
We do this, we look only from this point of view, and focus only on the errors and mistakes in our direction.
If this topic will be written by experts dealing with real estate, they will write another, probably a different position and his practice.
If you will write to people involved in divorce and the division of the inheritance — with the third.
Those who work on the line of emigration from the fourth.
Those who takes out people on treatment — the fifth.
Etc.
And here from the point of view of output developments and businesses to the global market the topic — clear and transparent.
To test the market and demand, and to collect $2 from the nose — quite acceptable, anonymous, and strictly anonymous garbage, which then should vanish without a trace.
And when I decided to move, you need to build from scratch clean and fluffy, to build as close as possible to the first, most valuable customers, so they simply could not cause any unnecessary questions.
If the quality of the Foundation snapped up bales of straw — no need to wonder when things will start to stagger and fall.
All that concerns taxes and the more offshore — have to deal with the financial Director of an already operating company, and even better — it auditors.
Any other "sunset" in this subject — an error which costs certain costs and losses.
Legal incorporation of a small IT company in the US — costs less than offshore in Hong Kong or Singapore, and in addition to the lack of questions from customers provides a bunch of additional bonuses and opportunities.
Great American proverb says "If you do not pay for a product or service, the product is you yourself".
================================
"I would Like still to hear more about the reasons why you can lock the funds in the account."
Any doubts of the operator of payment (Bank clerk, Secretary or nominee of the company) the legality of funds or disbursement.
He decides he has doubts or not.
Really — could be anything, until his desire to get new sneakers.
He is unlike you — well see what offshorka — left-hand and anonymous, and none of this $1K never to him on the island will not come, and the bosses far away.
The most common reason is the receipt of the request or whether any of Interpol and the suspension of all operations similar to that which was requested.
If the company name (not anonymous), etc., then it is on the island — has a real nenominalnoe Secretary, and no one will touch it.
"to the account in the offshore ~30-$ 100k in a few months pieces ~for 7K$. It is better to take to lean?"
Err — what?
If the company is anonymous, about the money — you can just forget it.
If not anonymous — it is unclear what became of the money is planned to do.
If they are a single payment to transfer up in a Christian home, approx. — can slip through.
If not in a shelter, it is unclear how the recipient will explain from whom and for which he had a lot of money sent.
And to explain to him this will have primarily to its Bank.
$100K is very serious money.
Any company registered in the United States are required to report on all, without exception, accounts in any Bank, if it has accumulated more than $10K.
It is necessary to communicate with the end consumer, and ask him whether he is such a payment to make.
"But could you call a more specific number (taxes), in which it makes sense to open a offshore. And I wonder how many still cost spending in support of offshore, everyone to be happy?"
All — elementary.
You get a call from the financial Director of your strictly white foreign firms, or even better auditor, and says "not to make us offshore".
All the other options that are direct losses.
"Beyond the sea heifer — mite, Yes ruble transportation"
Administration of offshore legal and transaction costs on payments and bookkeeping (you know how much an accountant in Hong Kong?) — eat up any savings.
"Offshore should always be matched to specific business."
Not even for a specific business and specific personal plans for the next at least 10 years.
For your specific current business offshore may not be required, but there may be some controversial issues with his wife, or making a large purchase, or desire to transfer the inheritance is not through the registry torn fly-bitten local notary, especially if the inheritance is outside of the Russian Federation.
Or, looking at the overall situation — can be thought to receive a pension from other sources.
Etc., etc.
This is a powerful and complex tool that can be used in different ways.
Mythical penny tax this is not the most important.
"Turns out to small online projects to use offshore, it loses its meaning. In any case, you will have to pay a % of income (average 20%). Am I right in my reasoning,?"
Taxes are paid not from acute honesty, and for money laundering, that is, for the possibility of subsequent legal use.
For "small online projects" it is not true.
If you make an anonymous trash, then no one and nothing except the registration fees you don't pay.
Collect $2 from the nose, the limit is $1K — occhiale.
Although easier without offshore, just through anonymous accounts in payment systems.
"Xhe would like to clarify, 1K is how I understand the support costs of the company in a month or a year? And also, what these funds (salary, "Director", the accountant who delivers papers for us, etc.)."
It depends on the area which company, what's the turnover, what is the service.
Maybe a year, maybe in a month.
Maybe for a week.
99,9% of the cost of the offshore it — expenditures on local staff + rent.
Calculate rasfasovka of work required, multiply by the average in the salary, estimate the necessary rent, and will receive the approximate order of digits.
"I do not agree that the use of offshore companies do not need"
About it — was never mentioned.
And can and should be.
Just need to apply correctly and competently.
"offshore is not always useful and better to work clean through the Western company."
Of course not always.
It's just a tool.
Outright through its Western company to operate profitably only if the amounts of pay off the costs.
"what to do in case there is some misunderstanding on the part of the giants of the software business about licenses and the payments from end users will be in the amount of $2..5."
All such payments penny — better to make the anonymous account.
Especially if there is a misunderstanding.
"Correctly understand that even if you clear the owner of the business, it's personal lawsuit will not?"
A personal lawsuit is worth the money.
If the prospect of obtaining reimbursement for the court there, the court — will not.
But the accounts of can you arrest, and to return them — have to have to go to court.
And at the personal direction — for example a visa can not be issued, or upon arrival to cancel.
"the author confuses the lack of taxes on registration on Islands like Seychelles, Belize, etc. if activities outside these areas (those mythical and real 0%) optimization of taxation."
No, not confused.
The optimization consists in taking into account all expenses, including taxes and registration fees, and disbursements to the optimization (an hour of work of auditors and tax lawyers is worth more than the registration fee, and the normal consultation on the opening and use of offshore companies — is 2-3 times more expensive than the opening of such company).
Not to mention the correction of errors and analysis of controversial situations and especially the courts with tax authorities.
About the "activities outside of these territories" q — complex.
The practice of application of rules "long arm" and "collection at source" shows that you can get into trouble.
Doubly unpleasant in the case of penalties, and triple — in the case of issuing claims the Belizean offshorka, and real partner.
We do not sell the offshore company, moreover, are not engaged in tax optimisation, this is not our area.
We are engaged in the sale of products and businesses, and as part of this activity — analysis of mistakes and errors that prevent the sale.
And practice shows that in 99.99% of any offshore company for sale is not needed.
If they are, and their contents were spent from $10K per year (not taxes, but net of expenses), such offshorka the sale of the business does not prevent (and indeed doesn't help), but if you were spending less then sales can often not be.
"the main question is which Bank your money is lying"
It just does not matter.
The main question is, at what expense customers will pay you and with what you pay to affiliates.
Therefore, it was written that it's optimal to have a Bank account in the main/first client that the payment from the Bank even came out.
If your account in the left Bank no normal partner there won't put any $1.
"offshore press much easier and it will be perfectly legal."
Anonymous offshore simpler, but it and pressing is not necessary, just print and sign sketched and everything.
The legal net is more complicated, you have the keys and passwords to steal.
Although local island Secretary can all crank and no keys.
It all depends on who will be plucked.
After learning that you have accumulated, you do not need $100K or you hung on offshore trading centre in the distant Russia, for your offshore company can without any theft is simply to file a lawsuit you from distant Russia, simply can not quickly and without losses to fight off, or repulsed which will cost you $150K.
That's the reason why the cashier in such places is drained to a limit of $1K.
Everything above is at your own risk.
"we must choose the jurisdiction with the minimum corporate tax/dividend tax, for example Latvia with its 15%/10%, then any Bank would be happy to open an account, your legal entity will be white and fluffy, and sleep — peaceful"
As an option. (but not to US)
Latvia is not an offshore, and a member of the EU, with all due rattles.
And close and Russian-speaking.
When working with Europe is quite convenient.
Although the companies in Cologne, or Paris — will cause even fewer questions.
"but to pay or not to pay taxes at your place (as physical persons) residency — that's another story"
Repatriation of profits is really a completely separate conversation, but if you are not using anonymous offshorka, and through the white company, white company this allows to greatly facilitate the use of honestly earned funds.
"Many companies offer to make offshore on the frontman, in this case, the owner of the offshore company is issued a card and access to Internet banking.Whether to consider this option for offshore "phony" or a variant is identical to the case with an anonymous account?"
Offshore-ephemeral or anonymous account — your and about them no one except you and the operator on the Islands (well, someone helped you to do them) doesn't know.
A corporate card is communal when someone makes themselves a offshorka-by-night, and then she starts a hundred accounts and cards, or sometimes even one account, and hundreds of sub-accounts. (buying unnecessary offshorka you can do to recoup)
For revolving the transfer of payments at $10 — $50 is — it is a normal variant. They always die suddenly.
"here would be the specifics..."
At the present time it is very simple.
Googled a list of the major so-called "offshore" zones, apply them on the map, providedthe the story of the creation of these zones, enough of the circumstances of their independence.
And before you tread the whole picture, over which still the sun never set. (although on the other hand it is the presence of a single host and ensures no competition between zones (one — graze merchant Navy, others diamonds, others — banks etc., no one of each other customers not leads), and most importantly — a clear and uninterrupted operation of the entire system 24/7/365)
So the issue of anonymity is binary, or fully impersonal a dump with a limit of $1K, or a fully clean and fluffy structure on the real name.
Medium — does not happen.
On the world market all know it, and expect the same knowledge from its partners.
Article based on information from habrahabr.ru
Loss especially insulting, given that these errors repeatedly described and analyzed in scores of open and publicly available sources.
Not in the least claim to originality and exclusiveness, try to collect in this series of posts a dozen of the most common, obvious and relatively easy to necessary errors, elimination of which greatly increases the chances of success.
For convenience, descriptions of errors will understand on increase them complexity.
========================================
"Error offshore"
INTRODUCTION
For a proper understanding of the topic necessary to make a small introduction.
The fact that in Russia under "offshore" often know the poor island natives who for two dollars naked pictures with visiting tourists, and for glass beads, the juice of the agave put print on palm leaves.
This view was formed due to the fact that in many offshore areas fees for registration and annual validation, the size is less than the cost of a tourist trip in the same place and the registration is not onerous allegedly allegedly requires no materials and documents, and allegedly has no consequences.
However, the real situation is not irrelevant.
Offshore it is one of the main tools of the global financial system, and such zones in the world — much less than countries which possess nuclear weapons.
(in fact it is one, but that is a separate conversation)
The fact that within Western democracies public all public authorities and institutions are constantly under the sword of Damocles of possible lawsuits, a parliamentary inquiry and other such troubles.
But for effective operation it is often necessary tools to formally state in no way associated, he was not accountable, are not controlled by anyone.
In addition to organs of state, there are other and often far larger and more influential members of the global financial system has substantial capital, which, moreover, whose dependence on a state — contingent.
Is a multinational company, non-public banking enterprises, the sovereign and his Royal house and other "oligarchs".
All of them need tools beyond traditional public and even international control.
That's "home" such, neither of whom is formally independent and no longer controlled by the forces and instruments created by the international offshore zones.
These areas are major "hubs" the world markets of currency, gold, oil, the state Treasury obligations, credit default swaps, secondary mortgages and pools of reinsurance, large blocks of shares of largest companies in the world, Maritime trade and passenger fleets, etc., etc.
The total turnover of Caribbean and virgin offshore — much more than the GDP of the United States, Europe and China put together.
Only one dollar turnover of derivatives, most of which goes through offshore, stalling more than a quadrillion dollars ($1.000.000.000.000.000).
No natives, natives glass beads and there is no.
Moreover, to prevent encroachments of the real natives and the natives in their desire to make a "same" — a specially created international group against money laundering (FATF), which quickly and painfully heals any attempt to even look in that direction.
In a crisis, the shareholders — rarely there are various discussions, and then there are events like the abolition of anonymous accounts in Switzerland, the collective refusal of billionaires from the U.S. citizenship, or moving the largest European Bank in Hong Kong.
However, due to a number of reasons, the procedure of entry and incorporation in these areas are made open for all, even the very microscopic third-party businesses.
Why would shareholders in quadrillion rpm to let unauthorized users and collect their ridiculous $500 registration fee — a long conversation, for this presentation it is enough to know that ease of entry is deceiving and conceals a serious danger, however, with careful and proper operation, even a small Russian IT companies — it can pinch off a little from this celebration of life.
It is only necessary to take a sober and clear understanding of the basic principles and not to make obvious mistakes.
Mistake # 1
The most frequent mistake of Russian technological entrepreneurs beginners to use offshore... the use of offshore companies.
For external users, the offshore, is a complex, well-developed and as a consequence — not very cheap (when used correctly) tool of tax SCHEDULING and tax ADMINISTRATION.
Therefore, the need, relevance and practicability of its application requires two components:
1. Taxes or already paid, or expected them to pay.
2. Taxes paid, or will pay a LOT
If not pay taxes it is supposed, a tool for planning and administration of such payment at least is not needed.
If it is supposed to pay taxes, but these taxes will not be very much, the cost of using sophisticated and advanced tool will significantly exceed the savings from using it receive.
The specificity of this error is that slips in a deal offshore — can be seen for kilometers, and the other side of the deal immediately raises a fair question why the offshore needed there.
In all developed countries questions of taxes and laundering of criminal assets is a very serious and sensitive, and any unusual or absurdity greatly complicates the transaction.
When a small developer from Russia sells for $10K utility to the buyer from the US, where the address often starts immediately with the two-letter code of the state, and the buyer will see in the contract "Cyprus" and the account in Pareks-Bank, he at once there is a fair question what is the Cyprus, and who's Parex Bank.
If the transaction is three-dimensional, multi-step and requires the development structuring and tax optimization, the parties can calmly and collectively reflect on its implementation and without any offshore scheme to choose the most optimal for all participants.
Shoving a purchased on the occasion of offshore companies in all deals — shows first of all disrespect to other parties to the transactions, and the second is the lack of understanding of the meaning of the offshore.
Mistake # 2
The second error in relation to the first is a mirror, and is not using the offshore accounts where it is possible and more — you need.
If sold by online toy for $2, and most of the buyers make payments from their accounts in online payment systems, to substitute in its net transaction details and the real data of the sense — has not.
Moreover, if a sale is not quite clear, for example, from the point of view of copyright, warranties, restrictions, prohibitions, or subsequent taxes.
In this case — is justified and even advisable to substitute for the transaction to an anonymous empty trash created or purchased offshore.
Mistake number 3
This error is the reverse of error No. 2.
All offshore jurisdictions have with all the major countries of the agreement on the exchange of information.
All payment transactions all payment systems, as well as most electronic messages and of course are documented and stored indefinitely.
In recent years, all of the previously disparate databases disparate documents together in a single system end-to-end accounting, and if the sale online toys for $2 was specified e-mail address, which two years later was listed as the address for the tech support utility, which is distributed from a specific IP address, which two years later was the reference used for the online payment system Bank-client, with the confirmation code IMEI, which ......, all these data will be kept connected together, and to them are added all the remaining data, including the profiles of social networks, SMS, full name, etc.
The cost of this mistake the old Soviet rule "Job — get workspace".
The benefit cost simple phones, new sim cards, wifi adapters, subscription boxes, etc. in comparison with the possible hassles — just fun.
No fingerprints when you use offshore should not stay.
Mistake # 4
This error is the continuation of error No. 3, loop the short number of errors and approaches to error No. 1 on the other hand, and on a higher level.
Anonymous work around a bug # 3 this business in short.
The entrepreneur does not pay any taxes and fees, but first, he's taking a risk.
When you purchase "ready" offshore, or offshore from personally unknown to him, the nominal operators-secretaries, and especially the Directors and shareholders of the offshore company with bearer shares, the whole business could disappear in an instant so to drain cash needed for the limit is $1K, which is not always convenient.
It is not in the malice of the Caribbean or virgin islanders, and that at the slightest suspicion, or even just a irritation, they can simply seize funds in the accounts, and kindly ask you to send a comprehensive confirmation of the legality of the funds and operations that in the case of anonymous ownership or fashionable in Russia the purchase of offshore "key" will mean the loss of all funds.
Moreover, despite the ostentatious "anonymity" in respect of all offshore jurisdictions offer "rule long arms" which the government of any country can accept any activity as organised specifically to reduce taxes and to recalculate the taxes as they see fit.
In addition, as mentioned in the introduction, the offshore made exclusively for the maintenance of a large and often anonymous transactions in the global financial, foreign exchange, derivatives, oil, gold, etc. markets.
If a visitor to the island visitor peaceful establishes of banking, investment, insurance, holding, Finance, shipping or aviation businesses, the more businesses are legal, it — assist, as all these businesses bring to the Islands, though small, guaranteed calm and most importantly profits.
However, when the socks dealers from the Cherkizovsky market are starting to abuse the kindness of the owners, and stolen credit cards to drive thousands of payments at $5, the patience of the islanders can come to an end, and they can "lights out" without notice and comment.
It was not a joke, but a harsh reality.
So firstly that's a risk.
And secondly, not paying any taxes, the entrepreneur often deprives itself is quite interesting possibilities.
As mentioned in the error No. 1, offshore is the development tool of tax scheduling and tax administration.
However, very often, a detailed planning of expenditure and profits turns out that clean and legal pay quite burdensome (especially during the initial period of business) payments allows you to "much more valuable fur" than saving a penny (especially in the first year) taxes.
This will allow closer to potential buyers as close as possible, opening an office in their state and city and the account in their Bank, that can greatly contribute to the findings of the first, most important transactions.
All legal payments may include the cost of doing business that will allow then to obtain the many credits and deductions.
In the case may go telephone bills, receipts from pizza, bills for hotels, tickets, contracts, letters, faxes, receipts DHL, FE, gift pens, lighters, etc., in the case of offshore would be impossible.
Legally incorporates, the company immediately receives the status of a local, and as a consequence access to all municipal and Federal tenders and orders; and all support programs, of which there are many.
The company immediately acquires the ability of real estate transactions that for offshore or impossible, or most difficult.
Naturally, with all the credits, tenders, Ventura and major transactions will be carried out due diligence, and all the dirty linen described earlier in "Mistake # 3" — will emerge and come out.
But if clean and tidy workplace will be strictly adhered to, problems should arise.
In addition to material profits, legal incorporation of bears and other opportunities.
Let very small, but working in a company immediately gets the opportunity of visa support, which otherwise will cost much more, and a year after beginning work, the owner of even a tiny business can initiate the permanent place of residence.
The staff may be decorated in a hundred different ways, optimal for each specific situation.
You can even try to obtain SSN (Social Security Number), and virtually free to acquire health insurance and pension, much more real than from the local Fursenko.
The range of possibilities is infinitely wide.
A foreign company can be "single" (by itself) can be a child from Russia, may be the parent of the Russian, may be the representation of Russian or Russian — foreign representative office in Russia (is not a legal entity, does not pay income tax and property tax).
They can conduct joint activities with division profit and loss, etc.
For IT-business, in which the dependence on the material equipment and real estate is minimal, any structuring and business administration can be done completely legally.
Strictly speaking, practically all known Russian IT company, for such schemes, and work.
And if this structuring and administering appropriate use of elements of certain offshore regimes, these elements — and can and should be used.
Offshore, it is a tool of tax planning and tax administration.
If this tool be used for its intended purpose, it works perfectly.
===============================================
Earlier:
— "Error individualization"
— "Error disclosure"
Next:
— "Error of authorship"
— "Error IP protection"
— "Error budget money"
— "Errors of double technologies"
— " Errors toxic" investments"
— "Error license"
— "positioning Errors"
=========================================
UPDATE
Quite unexpectedly, the topic of offshore (in our opinion for start-up companies is not that important) caused an increased interest and a large number of questions.
Of them understood the main message of the material was not as explicit and clear as it was originally intended to be.
Let's try that a little to clarify and explain.
The rejection of the population and entrepreneurs of the Russian Federation from inadequate local authorities and from the exercise of these authorities, their functions of government to collect taxes and the distribution of collected leads to mass leaving in a shade, cash and offshore (understandably and rightly), but beyond that — to the transfer of such relationships to a completely different, nothing is innocent countries and territories that are already wrong and unreasonable.
All recognized-normal taxes and fees is not necessary "tribute" the armed robbers, and Bazaar-market fees.
With honest payment and the requirement for a paid.
And when a businessman from the Russian Federation chooses for their business jurisdiction on the criterion of "cheaper" he at best gets exactly what they paid for.
In the real world, "slack" no, it can not be.
Product warranty — is more expensive than the product without warranty, the goods are large and well-known brand is more expensive than a similar product "Noam", the goods in a major shopping center — is more expensive than the exact same (?) the goods from hands in the dark subway.
The core business is trust towards the partner.
The less trust, the worse the deal.
But for the confidence in the partners they need to talk in a language they understand, and use observantia signs and symbols.
The emergence of offshore ordinary business it — flashing light.
It is a well-visible sign "note".
Sign by itself is neither good nor bad, it is just a sign.
The tragedy of many businessmen from Russia entering the global market is that they put it on, but they it do not see, and behave as if it is not.
This causes surprise and confusion.
This is the main error.
The mere use of offshore — not bad and not good, it's just a tool, but what he hands, skilled or curves this is another question.
If a website anonymous hosting, $2 sold broken software, which is legally worth $2.000, flashing beacon means "all claims — shove myself in there...".
This sign everybody can see and understand.
But it's not offshore, it's the usual trash, or even trash in General — just an impersonal account on WebMoney or papule.
In this case, there can be no checks, cards, phone numbers or fixed IP.
About the "value" offshore.
Registration fee and annual fee are those things that don't need to worry never, under any circumstances.
It's all the same what to choose a clinic by an even or odd number of steps has its entrance.
99.9% of real costs for offshore it — expenditures on local staff + rent.
There are only two digits, — total cost of ownership of the company, and the aggregate benefits from the management through the company specific business with specific partners.
As the network one, miracles do not happen, what are the fees, like service.
About the size of "taxes".
Any value he has.
If abstract Singapore 5%, and no less abstract Hong Kong 15%, it does not mean anything.
If 5 was definitely less than 15, all from Hong Kong for a month and moved to Singapore, and the issue would be closed.
However, if these numbers are the last five years at least, and no one even moved, so it is not in them.
AvtoVAZ — is many times cheaper than the Mercedes, well, they are different, so different and worth it.
There are only two digits, — total cost of ownership of the company, and the aggregate benefits from the management through the company specific business with specific partners.
Everything else — wiring traders offshore (which by the way by the zones have nothing to do).
Now, back to the original post.
He is part of the series "transfer Error" and for that reason considers all the phenomena (in this case offshore) in the context of the positive/negative effect on this transfer.
We do this, we look only from this point of view, and focus only on the errors and mistakes in our direction.
If this topic will be written by experts dealing with real estate, they will write another, probably a different position and his practice.
If you will write to people involved in divorce and the division of the inheritance — with the third.
Those who work on the line of emigration from the fourth.
Those who takes out people on treatment — the fifth.
Etc.
And here from the point of view of output developments and businesses to the global market the topic — clear and transparent.
To test the market and demand, and to collect $2 from the nose — quite acceptable, anonymous, and strictly anonymous garbage, which then should vanish without a trace.
And when I decided to move, you need to build from scratch clean and fluffy, to build as close as possible to the first, most valuable customers, so they simply could not cause any unnecessary questions.
If the quality of the Foundation snapped up bales of straw — no need to wonder when things will start to stagger and fall.
All that concerns taxes and the more offshore — have to deal with the financial Director of an already operating company, and even better — it auditors.
Any other "sunset" in this subject — an error which costs certain costs and losses.
Legal incorporation of a small IT company in the US — costs less than offshore in Hong Kong or Singapore, and in addition to the lack of questions from customers provides a bunch of additional bonuses and opportunities.
Great American proverb says "If you do not pay for a product or service, the product is you yourself".
================================
"I would Like still to hear more about the reasons why you can lock the funds in the account."
Any doubts of the operator of payment (Bank clerk, Secretary or nominee of the company) the legality of funds or disbursement.
He decides he has doubts or not.
Really — could be anything, until his desire to get new sneakers.
He is unlike you — well see what offshorka — left-hand and anonymous, and none of this $1K never to him on the island will not come, and the bosses far away.
The most common reason is the receipt of the request or whether any of Interpol and the suspension of all operations similar to that which was requested.
If the company name (not anonymous), etc., then it is on the island — has a real nenominalnoe Secretary, and no one will touch it.
"to the account in the offshore ~30-$ 100k in a few months pieces ~for 7K$. It is better to take to lean?"
Err — what?
If the company is anonymous, about the money — you can just forget it.
If not anonymous — it is unclear what became of the money is planned to do.
If they are a single payment to transfer up in a Christian home, approx. — can slip through.
If not in a shelter, it is unclear how the recipient will explain from whom and for which he had a lot of money sent.
And to explain to him this will have primarily to its Bank.
$100K is very serious money.
Any company registered in the United States are required to report on all, without exception, accounts in any Bank, if it has accumulated more than $10K.
It is necessary to communicate with the end consumer, and ask him whether he is such a payment to make.
"But could you call a more specific number (taxes), in which it makes sense to open a offshore. And I wonder how many still cost spending in support of offshore, everyone to be happy?"
All — elementary.
You get a call from the financial Director of your strictly white foreign firms, or even better auditor, and says "not to make us offshore".
All the other options that are direct losses.
"Beyond the sea heifer — mite, Yes ruble transportation"
Administration of offshore legal and transaction costs on payments and bookkeeping (you know how much an accountant in Hong Kong?) — eat up any savings.
"Offshore should always be matched to specific business."
Not even for a specific business and specific personal plans for the next at least 10 years.
For your specific current business offshore may not be required, but there may be some controversial issues with his wife, or making a large purchase, or desire to transfer the inheritance is not through the registry torn fly-bitten local notary, especially if the inheritance is outside of the Russian Federation.
Or, looking at the overall situation — can be thought to receive a pension from other sources.
Etc., etc.
This is a powerful and complex tool that can be used in different ways.
Mythical penny tax this is not the most important.
"Turns out to small online projects to use offshore, it loses its meaning. In any case, you will have to pay a % of income (average 20%). Am I right in my reasoning,?"
Taxes are paid not from acute honesty, and for money laundering, that is, for the possibility of subsequent legal use.
For "small online projects" it is not true.
If you make an anonymous trash, then no one and nothing except the registration fees you don't pay.
Collect $2 from the nose, the limit is $1K — occhiale.
Although easier without offshore, just through anonymous accounts in payment systems.
"Xhe would like to clarify, 1K is how I understand the support costs of the company in a month or a year? And also, what these funds (salary, "Director", the accountant who delivers papers for us, etc.)."
It depends on the area which company, what's the turnover, what is the service.
Maybe a year, maybe in a month.
Maybe for a week.
99,9% of the cost of the offshore it — expenditures on local staff + rent.
Calculate rasfasovka of work required, multiply by the average in the salary, estimate the necessary rent, and will receive the approximate order of digits.
"I do not agree that the use of offshore companies do not need"
About it — was never mentioned.
And can and should be.
Just need to apply correctly and competently.
"offshore is not always useful and better to work clean through the Western company."
Of course not always.
It's just a tool.
Outright through its Western company to operate profitably only if the amounts of pay off the costs.
"what to do in case there is some misunderstanding on the part of the giants of the software business about licenses and the payments from end users will be in the amount of $2..5."
All such payments penny — better to make the anonymous account.
Especially if there is a misunderstanding.
"Correctly understand that even if you clear the owner of the business, it's personal lawsuit will not?"
A personal lawsuit is worth the money.
If the prospect of obtaining reimbursement for the court there, the court — will not.
But the accounts of can you arrest, and to return them — have to have to go to court.
And at the personal direction — for example a visa can not be issued, or upon arrival to cancel.
"the author confuses the lack of taxes on registration on Islands like Seychelles, Belize, etc. if activities outside these areas (those mythical and real 0%) optimization of taxation."
No, not confused.
The optimization consists in taking into account all expenses, including taxes and registration fees, and disbursements to the optimization (an hour of work of auditors and tax lawyers is worth more than the registration fee, and the normal consultation on the opening and use of offshore companies — is 2-3 times more expensive than the opening of such company).
Not to mention the correction of errors and analysis of controversial situations and especially the courts with tax authorities.
About the "activities outside of these territories" q — complex.
The practice of application of rules "long arm" and "collection at source" shows that you can get into trouble.
Doubly unpleasant in the case of penalties, and triple — in the case of issuing claims the Belizean offshorka, and real partner.
We do not sell the offshore company, moreover, are not engaged in tax optimisation, this is not our area.
We are engaged in the sale of products and businesses, and as part of this activity — analysis of mistakes and errors that prevent the sale.
And practice shows that in 99.99% of any offshore company for sale is not needed.
If they are, and their contents were spent from $10K per year (not taxes, but net of expenses), such offshorka the sale of the business does not prevent (and indeed doesn't help), but if you were spending less then sales can often not be.
"the main question is which Bank your money is lying"
It just does not matter.
The main question is, at what expense customers will pay you and with what you pay to affiliates.
Therefore, it was written that it's optimal to have a Bank account in the main/first client that the payment from the Bank even came out.
If your account in the left Bank no normal partner there won't put any $1.
"offshore press much easier and it will be perfectly legal."
Anonymous offshore simpler, but it and pressing is not necessary, just print and sign sketched and everything.
The legal net is more complicated, you have the keys and passwords to steal.
Although local island Secretary can all crank and no keys.
It all depends on who will be plucked.
After learning that you have accumulated, you do not need $100K or you hung on offshore trading centre in the distant Russia, for your offshore company can without any theft is simply to file a lawsuit you from distant Russia, simply can not quickly and without losses to fight off, or repulsed which will cost you $150K.
That's the reason why the cashier in such places is drained to a limit of $1K.
Everything above is at your own risk.
"we must choose the jurisdiction with the minimum corporate tax/dividend tax, for example Latvia with its 15%/10%, then any Bank would be happy to open an account, your legal entity will be white and fluffy, and sleep — peaceful"
As an option. (but not to US)
Latvia is not an offshore, and a member of the EU, with all due rattles.
And close and Russian-speaking.
When working with Europe is quite convenient.
Although the companies in Cologne, or Paris — will cause even fewer questions.
"but to pay or not to pay taxes at your place (as physical persons) residency — that's another story"
Repatriation of profits is really a completely separate conversation, but if you are not using anonymous offshorka, and through the white company, white company this allows to greatly facilitate the use of honestly earned funds.
"Many companies offer to make offshore on the frontman, in this case, the owner of the offshore company is issued a card and access to Internet banking.Whether to consider this option for offshore "phony" or a variant is identical to the case with an anonymous account?"
Offshore-ephemeral or anonymous account — your and about them no one except you and the operator on the Islands (well, someone helped you to do them) doesn't know.
A corporate card is communal when someone makes themselves a offshorka-by-night, and then she starts a hundred accounts and cards, or sometimes even one account, and hundreds of sub-accounts. (buying unnecessary offshorka you can do to recoup)
For revolving the transfer of payments at $10 — $50 is — it is a normal variant. They always die suddenly.
"here would be the specifics..."
At the present time it is very simple.
Googled a list of the major so-called "offshore" zones, apply them on the map, providedthe the story of the creation of these zones, enough of the circumstances of their independence.
And before you tread the whole picture, over which still the sun never set. (although on the other hand it is the presence of a single host and ensures no competition between zones (one — graze merchant Navy, others diamonds, others — banks etc., no one of each other customers not leads), and most importantly — a clear and uninterrupted operation of the entire system 24/7/365)
So the issue of anonymity is binary, or fully impersonal a dump with a limit of $1K, or a fully clean and fluffy structure on the real name.
Medium — does not happen.
On the world market all know it, and expect the same knowledge from its partners.
Комментарии
Отправить комментарий